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Jacquet de Berchem
Jacquet de Berchem (also known as Giachet(to) Berchem or Jakob van Berchem; c. 1505 – after 2 March 1567) was a Franco-Flemish composer of the Renaissance, active in Italy. He was famous in mid-16th-century Italy for his madrigals, approximately 200 of which were printed in Venice, some in multiple printings due to their considerable popularity. As evidence of his widespread fame, he is listed by Rabelais in ''Gargantua and Pantagruel'' as one of the most famous musicians of the time, and the printed music for one of his madrigals appears in a painting by Caravaggio (''The Lute Player'').
==Life==
Berchem was born around 1505 in Berchem (now part of Antwerp), in the southern Netherlands (modern-day Belgium).〔Nugent, Grove online〕 No archival records have yet been found covering his early life; the first mention of him dates from 1539, by which time he had come to Venice, as did so many of his musical compatriots from the Low Countries. By 1538〔 or 1539〔Lewis, p. 71〕 his madrigals were being published in Venice, largely by Antonio Gardano. Between then and 1546 he lived in Venice, steadily increasing in reputation, and in 1546 he published his first book of madrigals; previously his works had been in collections consisting mostly of music by others (for example, Jacques Arcadelt, whose first book of madrigals for four voices, published in 1539, included some music by Berchem). He most likely was a student of fellow Netherlander Adrian Willaert, the founder of the Venetian School and one of the most famous musicians of the time, and through Willaert met other musicians and nobility; to some of these aristocrats, including a future Doge of Venice (Marcantonio Trevisan, Doge in 1553–54, and also a patron of the arts), he dedicated some of his music.〔Lewis, p. 73〕
Between 1546 and 1550 Berchem served as ''maestro di cappella'' at Verona Cathedral. Some of his music written during this time and the early 1550s is dedicated to Alfonso II d'Este; he may have been looking for employment with the Este court in Ferrara, but no evidence of his employment there has turned up.〔
Around 1550 Berchem left Verona, and began seeking employment elsewhere in Italy. His exact activities in the early 1550s are not known, but he made the acquaintance of patrons in Rome and Monopoli, and through one of these patrons met his future wife, Giustina de Simeonibus, to whom he was married in 1553. He seems to lived the remainder of his life in Monopoli, a town near Bari on the heel of the Italian "boot", where he lived in relative affluence, since both the governor and bishop of Monopoli were his patrons, and his wife was from an aristocratic family. His exact date of death is not known, but he has been reconstructed by Domenico Morgante according to documents discovered in Archivio Unico Diocesano of Monopoli, and had died by March 2, 1567.〔Morgante (1986, 1996)〕〔Morgante (1986, 1996), Nugent, Grove online〕
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